Community Engagement in Sustainable Tourism Development: Opportunities and Challenges for Local Residents

Abstract

This study investigated the role of community engagement in sustainable tourism development, focusing on the opportunities and challenges for local residents. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks such as the Social Exchange Theory and empirical evidence from diverse tourism destinations, the study examines how community engagement contributes to more inclusive, equitable, and effective tourism practices. Through a comprehensive review of literature and case studies from various regions, including the United States, Canada, Europe, and Africa, the research identifies key factors influencing community participation in tourism decision-making processes and explores strategies to enhance collaboration and cooperation among stakeholders. Findings suggest that while community engagement holds promise for sustainable tourism development, challenges such as power imbalances, limited access to resources, and conflicts over land use must be addressed to ensure meaningful participation and equitable distribution of benefits. The study concludes by offering recommendations for policymakers, tourism planners, and community leaders to foster more inclusive, ethical, and sustainable tourism initiatives that benefit both tourists and local residents.