Role of Education in Shaping Civic Values
Keywords:
Civic Values, Social Learning Theory, Education, Global Citizenship, Global Citizenship Programs,, Teacher Influence, Inclusivity Diversity, Socioeconomic FactorsAbstract
This study investigates the role of education in shaping civic values across diverse global contexts, encompassing the United States, Canada, Europe, and selected African countries. Civic values, vital for societal functioning, include principles of social justice, equality, responsibility, and active participation in democratic processes. The study explores the impact of civic education programs, the role of teachers, pedagogical strategies, socioeconomic factors, and the influence of technology on civic values. Grounded in Social Learning Theory, the research aligns with Bandura's framework, emphasizing observational learning, reinforcement, and modeling in the educational setting. Findings reveal that immersive and participatory civic education practices positively influence civic values, and teachers play a crucial role as influential models. Inclusive and diverse educational environments foster tolerance, empathy, and appreciation for pluralism. The study also highlights the global relevance of civic education and the impact of international programs on civic awareness. Challenges include socio-economic disparities, emphasizing the need for equitable civic education. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of dynamic pedagogies, ongoing teacher training, and a globally informed approach to civic education. The study contributes to Social Learning Theory, providing practical insights for educators, policymakers, and practitioners, advocating for inclusive policies, and fostering a global perspective in education.
References
Bandura, A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. General Learning Press.
Banks, J. A. (2004). Diversity and Citizenship Education: Global Perspectives. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Banting, K., & Kymlicka, W. (2017). The Strains of Commitment: The Political Sources of Solidarity in Diverse Societies. Oxford University Press.
Bennett, W. L., & Freelon, D. (2011). Communicating Civic Engagement: Contrasting Models of Citizenship in the Youth Web Sphere. Journal of Communication, 61(5), 835–856. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01572.x
Bimber, B., Flanagin, A. J., & Stohl, C. (2019). Technological Change and the Shifting Nature of Political Organization. Perspectives on Politics, 17(2), 469-482. doi:10.1017/S1537592718002599
Cheng, Y. C., & Li, J. (2018). Inclusive Education and Civic Values: A Case Study in Hong Kong. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 18(3), 244-256. doi:10.1111/1471-3802.12425
Cobb, R. W., & Smith, D. A. (2020). Social Movements and American Political Institutions. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.878
Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education. New York: Macmillan.
Dubois, L., & Martins, L. (2013). Teachers as Agents of Civic Socialization: Insights from Canadian Classrooms. Canadian Journal of Education, 36(2), 120-145. doi:10.2307/canajeducrevucan.36.2.0120
Ekeh, P. P. (2012). Colonialism and the Two Publics in Africa: A Theoretical Statement. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 17(1), 91–112. doi:10.1017/S0010417500008213
Esping-Andersen, G. (2013). The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton University Press.
Field, S., & Schafft, K. (2017). Educating for Deliberative Democracy: A Typology of Civic Education Practices. American Educational Research Journal, 54(3), 495–526. doi:10.3102/0002831217694986
Hansen, D. T., & Liu, J. (2012). Civic Education in Action: Examining the Impact on Civic Values. Journal of Civic Education, 21(3), 215-230. doi:10.1080/13668803.2012.707135
Hess, D., & McAvoy, P. (2015). The Political Classroom: Evidence and Ethics in Democratic Education. New York: Routledge.
Hoskins, B., & Janmaat, J. G. (2018). Measuring Active Citizenship through the Development of a Composite Indicator. Social Indicators Research, 139(1), 217-236. doi:10.1007/s11205-017-1741-9
Jackson, L. A., & Kim, S. (2017). Global Citizenship Education and Civic Values: A Longitudinal Analysis. Journal of International Education Research, 13(1), 15-32. doi:10.19030/jier.v13i1.9935
Kahlenberg, R. D. (2012). Affirmative Action for the Rich: Legacy Preferences in College Admissions. The Century Foundation.
Kahne, J., & Middaugh, E. (2008). Democracy for Some: The Civic Opportunity Gap in High School. CIRCLE Working Paper 59. The Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement.
Keeter, S., Hatley, N., Kennedy, C., Lau, A., & Zukin, C. (2017). The Civic and Political Health of the Nation: A Generational Portrait. Tufts University, Jonathan M. Tisch College of Civic Life.
Levine, P. (2016). We Are the Ones We Have Been Waiting For: The Promise of Civic Renewal in America. Oxford University Press.
Lindström, M., & Andersson, U. (2016). Social Media and Civic Values: A Swedish Perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 60(4), 463-479. doi:10.1080/00313831.2015.1065136
Müller, K., & Petrova, E. (2014). Pedagogical Approaches to Civic Education: A Longitudinal Analysis. European Journal of Education, 49(4), 501-517. doi:10.1111/ejed.12091
NCCE Ghana. (2019). About NCCE. National Commission for Civic Education. Retrieved from https://www.nccegh.org/about-ncce/
Nkrumah, K., & Sowah, R. (2015). Socioeconomic Factors and Civic Values: A Ghanaian Perspective. International Journal of Comparative Education and Development, 17(2), 123-138. doi:10.1080/03050068.2015.1061451
Norris, S. P., & Ennis, R. H. (1989). Evaluating Critical Thinking. Pacific Grove, CA: Midwest Publications.
Ontario Ministry of Education. (2020). Equity and Inclusive Education in Ontario Schools. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/policyfunding/equity.pdf
Persson, A., & Rothstein, B. (2018). It's the Bureaucracy, Stupid! Implementation, Bureaucratic Quality, and the Welfare State. Public Administration, 96(3), 502-517. doi:10.1111/padm.12442
Putnam, R. D. (2015). Our Kids: The American Dream in Crisis. Simon & Schuster.
Stolle, D., & Harell, A. (2013). The Effect of Trust in Government on Reported Voting Behavior: The Case of Canada. Comparative Political Studies, 46(11), 1427-1453. doi:10.1177/0010414012462126
U.S. Department of Education. (2018). Civics NAEP 2018. National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.nationsreportcard.gov/civics_2018/#/about
Westheimer, J., & Kahne, J. (2004). What Kind of Citizen? The Politics of Educating for Democracy. American Educational Research Journal, 41(2), 237–269. doi:10.3102/00028312041002237
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Eli Busara
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.