Efficacy of Music Therapy in Reducing Symptoms of Depression among Elderly Patients

Abstract

Depression among elderly patients is a prevalent and complex mental health concern with significant impacts on well-being. Studies from various countries including the United States, Canada, Europe, and African nations highlight the diverse range of symptoms experienced by elderly individuals, including emotional, cognitive, and physical manifestations. However, there exists a treatment gap in effectively addressing depression in this population. Music therapy emerges as a promising intervention, leveraging the power of music to stimulate emotional, cognitive, and social processes. This study explores the Efficacy of Music Therapy in Reducing Symptoms of Depression among Elderly Patients, employing Self-Determination Theory (SDT) as a theoretical framework. Through a systematic review of related literature, it becomes evident that music therapy offers a holistic approach, fulfilling the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Music therapy interventions, such as active participation in musical activities and group sessions, show significant improvements in mood, social connectedness, and overall well-being. The personalized nature of music therapy, tailored to individual preferences, fosters emotional expression and cognitive stimulation. Moreover, the neuroplasticity of the brain allows for lasting changes in mood regulation and brain function. Practical implications suggest integrating music therapy into healthcare settings for elderly patients, promoting access and improving outcomes. From a policy perspective, the study advocates for the inclusion of music therapy services in mental health policies, particularly in settings like nursing homes and community programs. This study contributes to theory by enhancing our understanding of how music therapy aligns with psychological needs, to practice by providing insights for healthcare practitioners and music therapists on implementation, and to policy by supporting the integration of music therapy into mental health policies. Overall, music therapy emerges as a valuable and holistic intervention for addressing depression among elderly populations.